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- KWIKSTAT Help Screens
- @1,How to Enter Data:Keyboard, or from dBASE III file
- @3,How to Use data from a dBASE III file
- @4,Setup of the default file path
- @5,How KWIKSTAT works
- @7,Reports
- @8,Descriptive Statistics
- @9,Graphics
- @10,t-test and ANOVA, paired or independent groups
- @11,Simple Linear Regression
- @12,Order information
- @12,Report Bugs, Vote on enhancements to program
- ##1
-
- KWIKSTAT
-
- How to enter Data
-
- Data may be entered from the keyboard, or from an ASCII text file. Data
- already stored in a dBASE III file may also be used.
-
-
- ENTERING DATA FROM THE KEYBOARD
-
-
- STEP 1:Create the structure of your database by selecting the "CREATE"
- option in the DATA module. Define names for each variable, maximum width of
- the field, and type of variable. (Character, Numeric, Date, Logical).
-
- STEP 2:Answer "Y" to "Enter data now?" question.
-
- STEP 3:The "EDIT" option in the DATA module may be used to make corrections.
-
- ##2
- ENTERING DATA FROM AN ASCII TEXT FILE
-
- Data may be entered from a standard ASCII file. First, create a database
- structure using the CREATE option. This structure should match the columns of
- data in the data file. For example, your data is in a file named
- "MYDATA.TXT". A database structure could be created using the following
- format:
-
- Field Type Width Dec
-
- NAME C 10
- AGE N 2 0
- BDATE D 8
- ^ ^ ^ ^
- │ │ │ └─────────────Number of decimals in numeric data
- │ │ └───────────────────Columns where data is found
- │ └─────────────────────────Data type
- └────────────────────────────────Variable (field) name
-
- This implies NAME is in columns 1-10, AGE in cols 11-12 and BDATE in cols
- 13-21. NOTICE:The format MUST be inclusive with respect to column numbers. DO
- NOT SKIP COLUMNS when specifying where data is located.
- ##3 How to Use data from a dBASE III file
-
- KWIKSTAT can read data directly from a dBASE III file. In each module, you
- may specify which dBASE file to use. The module will display all ".DBF" files
- in the default path. However, you may also call files from other directories
- using drive and path names. For example, if you wish to access a DBF file in
- the subdirectory named DB3, you would specify the name of the dabtabase
- "MYBASE" as
-
- \DB3\MYBASE or C:\DB3\MYBASE if it is on disk drive "C:"
-
- It is important to prepare your dBASE file before analyzing it in KWIKSTAT.
- Perform all transformations, creation of new variables, grouping variables,
- etc. using dBASE.
- ##4
-
-
- SET UP DEFAULT DISK PATH OR DISK DRIVE
-
-
- In the DATA module, select the option to set up the default disk drive or
- path. This is not needed if the data and program are in the same
- subdirectory, and on the same disk drive.
-
- If the data is stored in another drive, such as drive B, specify the default
- drive, "B:".
-
- If the data is stored in another subdirectory, such as "MYDIR", specify this
- as "\MYDIR\" or "C:\MYDIR\"
-
- The default you specify will be tacked onto the beginning of file names you
- use in the program.
- ##5
- HOW KWIKSTAT WORKS
-
- KWIKSTAT performs a number of statistical and report procedures. Here are the
- basic divisions of KWIKSTAT:
-
- Module Function
- ------ ---------------------------------------------------------
- DATA Create a database, enter and edit data
-
- REPORT Output reports about the data, output ASCII text files, and
- examine the contents of the database or other files.
-
- STAT1 Descriptive statistics, graphical presentations, simple
- linear regression and correlation.
-
- STAT2 Comparitive statistics. t-test and Analysis of Variance
- (ANOVA) on independent groups or repeated observations.
-
- STAT3 Regression: Simple and Multiple Linear Regression.
-
- STAT4 Survival analysis:Life tables, comparison of survival rates.
- ##6
- TYPICAL USE OF KWIKSTAT
-
- ┌──────────────────────┐
- │ Create database in │
- │ dBASE III or KWIKSTAT│
- └──────────────────────┘
- │
- ┌───────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┐
- │ │ │
- ┌─────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
- │ Create Report │ │ Examine data using │ │ Compare groups │
- │ │ │ descriptive procedures: │ │ │
- │ o Output raw │ │ │ │ o Chi-Square │
- │ data │ │ o Detailed statistics │ │ o t─test │
- │ o Formatted │ │ o Summary statistics │ │ o ANOVA │
- │ report │ │ o Crosstabs │ └──────────────────┘
- └─────────────────┘ │ o Regression │
- │ o Survival analysis │
- └──────────────────────────┘
-
- ##7 Reports
- REPORTS
-
- KWIKSTAT allows you to create and output data to the file or printer in the
- REPORTS Module.
-
- 1 - You may output a listing of the data in the dataset (or a selected subset
- of the database). In this procedure you may specify such report features as
- column headings, inclusion of record number on the report, width and length
- of a page, and title of the report. You may also use a selection procedure to
- output a report on a subset of the database.
-
- 2 - You may output the data into a standard ASCII TEXT file. This is useful
- for transferring the data to other programs. Along with the output of data,
- you may also output a "format" file, which describes the contents of the text
- file. This may be in "dBASE" format or in "SAS" format. The SAS format file
- (with extension .SAS) can be used to read the data into SAS.
-
- ##8 Descriptive Statistics
-
-
- DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
-
-
- In the STAT1 module, you are allowed to examine summary statistics of the
- data in the database. Your options are as follows:
-
- CONTINUOUS DATA:Detailed statistics on one variable or summary statistics
- on a number of variables.
-
- Categorical data:Crosstabs, using the contingency table option
-
- Graphics:next screen
- ##9 Graphics
-
- GRAPHICS
-
- Graphics are used throughout the system to enhance understanding of certain
- statistical procedures. Some of these graphical presentations include:
-
- o HISTOGRAM : examine the distribution of a continuous variable
- o SCATTERPLOT : examine the relationship between two variables
- o RESIDUALS : examine residuals from linear regression fit.
- o BOX PLOTS : used in detailed statistics and ANOVA's to illustrate
- the distribtion of a continuous variable, and to
- compare distributions between groups.
- o 3-D BAR CHART: examine three dimensions of a table of counts (enter
- data in contingency table procedure).
- o NEWMAN-KEULS : a graphics presentation of significant differences
- in means between 3 or more groups is given in the
- ANOVA procedures.
- o SURVIVAL : a plot of survival times is given in the STAT4 procedure.
- ##10 t-tests and ANOVA
-
- t-Tests and ANOVA's
-
- For Independent Groups:STAT2 module
-
- o Two groups:Student's t-test
-
- o 3 to 10 groups: One way analysis of variance, Newman-Keuls multiple
- comparisons performed at the 0.05 significance level.
-
-
- For Paired or Repeated Measures:STAT2 module
-
- o Two time periods or two paired observations:Students t-test for paired
- observations.
-
- o 3 to 10 repeated measures: Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance, with
- Newman-Keuls multiple comparisons.
- ##11 Linear regression
- LINEAR REGRESSION
-
- o Comparing paired observations, simple or multiple linear models
-
- o The equation of the line is calculated
-
- o Correlation coefficient, R²
-
- o t-test for significance of parameters
-
- o Scatterplot
-
- o Graphical examination of residuals
-
- o Multiple regression on up to 10 independent variables.
- ##12
-
- BECOME A REGISTERED USER OF KWIKSTAT
-
- ORDER ADDITIONAL MANUALS, UPDATED COPIES
-
-
- See the file ORDER on the distribution disk, or the order form in the manual
- to become a registered user, or to purchase bound and more compelete manuals.
- Thanks!
-
-
- SEE APPENDIX IN MANUAL TO
-
- o report bugs
-
- o vote on enhancements of the KWIKSTAT program
-
- o get list of example data sets
-
-
- PENDIX IN MANUAL TO
-
- o report b